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Each decode layer needs the previous all-to-all to finish. How do you overlap communication with compute anyway, and at what cost?

Inside one batch there is nothing to overlap: every layer waits for its all-to-all. Split the batch in two and one half computes while the other communicates. The answer models the gain, finds the batch size where splitting makes things slower, and checks it against a shipped default.

Updated Oct 2026 · Worked answers on inference mechanisms, with calculations, implementation details, and follow-up questions.

Inside one batch there is nothing to overlap: every layer waits for its all-to-all. Split the batch in two and one half computes while the other communicates. The answer models the gain, finds the batch size where splitting makes things slower, and checks it against a shipped default.

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