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NVFP4 versus MXFP4: block size, scale format and bits per element, and why does the smaller block with a finer scale help accuracy?

Both formats store the same eight 4-bit values per element. The difference is all in the scale, and the answer shows which of the two scale choices buys more accuracy and what it costs in bits.

Updated Oct 2026 · Worked answers on inference mechanisms, with calculations, implementation details, and follow-up questions.

Both formats store the same eight 4-bit values per element. The difference is all in the scale, and the answer shows which of the two scale choices buys more accuracy and what it costs in bits.

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